{"product_id":"kpv","title":"KPV","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"framer-17icvk9\" data-framer-name=\"Strong → Research Use Only.\" data-framer-component-type=\"RichTextContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-dbnhlu\" data-styles-preset=\"UNBSR8FY_\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Use Only\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-1j4pnbk\" data-framer-name=\"Strong → Research Use Only.\" data-framer-component-type=\"RichTextContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-1ejfu8l\" data-styles-preset=\"joHcNFWNL\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eAll products are intended solely for laboratory research and are not for human or animal consumption. By purchasing, the buyer agrees to use these products in compliance with all applicable laws.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-6nrd7l\" data-framer-name=\"Overview\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-e299os\" data-framer-name=\"Overview Header\" data-framer-component-type=\"RichTextContainer\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-17n1ut5\" data-styles-preset=\"Ze7_hb2TJ\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eKPV Overview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-8mbkxy\" data-framer-name=\"Overview Body\" data-framer-component-type=\"RichTextContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003eKPV is a small tripeptide derived from the C-terminus of α-MSH that retains signaling activity while lacking melanotropic effects. Through PepT1-mediated uptake in epithelial and macrophage models, KPV directly accesses intracellular compartments where it modulates NF-κB signaling and reduces expression of key cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8. Research models examine KPV's effects on cytokine signaling cascades, epithelial barrier dynamics through tight junction protein regulation, mucosal modeling in experimental systems, and antimicrobial properties in laboratory settings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-dxoa8s\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18061177\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eDalmasso et al. (2008).\u003c\/a\u003e \u003ca class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-dxoa8s\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18213447\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBrzoska et al. (2008).\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-1ofh0jr hidden-ealwq8 hidden-4mqil7\" data-framer-name=\"History\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-7d5d5p\" data-framer-name=\"History Header\" data-framer-component-type=\"RichTextContainer\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-17n1ut5\" data-styles-preset=\"Ze7_hb2TJ\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eHistory\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-1e0s2rr\" data-framer-name=\"History Body\" data-framer-component-type=\"RichTextContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003eThe cytokine-modulating properties of the KPV sequence were first identified in the late 1980s through structure-activity studies of α-MSH by Hiltz, Lipton, and colleagues. Systematic truncation experiments demonstrated that this C-terminal tripeptide retained significant immunomodulatory activity despite its minimal size, representing the smallest effective sequence for cytokine-modulating action. Subsequent mechanistic studies by Dalmasso et al. in 2008 elucidated the PepT1-mediated epithelial uptake mechanism, establishing KPV's potential for targeting signaling pathways in experimental mucosal models.\u003cbr class=\"framer-text\"\u003e\u003cbr class=\"framer-text\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-dxoa8s\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18061177\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eHiltz \u0026amp; Lipton (1989). Dalmasso et al. (2008).\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-1bb7rgf\" data-framer-name=\"Research Findings\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-138hud5\" data-framer-name=\"Resarch Findings Header\" data-framer-component-type=\"RichTextContainer\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-17n1ut5\" data-styles-preset=\"Ze7_hb2TJ\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eResearch Findings\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-1pwxkmo\" data-framer-name=\"Research Findings Body\" data-framer-component-type=\"RichTextContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003eKPV has been extensively studied in cytokine signaling research, with investigations focusing on NF-κB pathway modulation, epithelial signaling models, barrier dynamics, and immune modulation in various experimental systems. Studies examine both its unique transporter-mediated delivery and potent cytokine-modulating mechanisms.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"framer-text\"\u003eKey Areas of Research:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-preset-tag=\"p\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003eCytokine: NF-κB, MAPK, suppression\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-preset-tag=\"p\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003eEpithelial: Mucosal signaling, modeling\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-preset-tag=\"p\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003eBarrier: Tight junction, permeability, integrity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-preset-tag=\"p\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003eImmune: Peptide-receptor, macrophage, T-cell\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003eTogether, these investigations demonstrate KPV's multifaceted cytokine-modulating actions through PepT1-mediated uptake and direct intracellular signaling modulation. As a minimal bioactive sequence, KPV provides a research framework for examining peptide-based cytokine mechanisms, epithelial immune signaling, and barrier dynamics in diverse experimental models.\u003cbr class=\"framer-text\"\u003e\u003cbr class=\"framer-text\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-dxoa8s\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18061177\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eDalmasso et al., Gastroenterology, 2008\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-dxoa8s\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18213447\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBrzoska et al., Inammation Research, 2008\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-2if8ww\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-dxoa8s\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12730354\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGetting et al., Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2003\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-14l2n57\" data-border=\"true\" data-framer-name=\"References\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-15p1962\" data-framer-name=\"Content\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-1ecatqh\" data-framer-name=\"Research Use Only\" data-framer-component-type=\"RichTextContainer\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-17n1ut5\" data-styles-preset=\"Ze7_hb2TJ\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eReferences\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-1383kxn\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"framer-8qnss1\" data-framer-name=\"Research Use Only\" data-framer-component-type=\"RichTextContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-pl80se\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-dxoa8s\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18061177\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eDalmasso G. et al. (2008). PepT1-mediated tripeptide KPV uptake reduces intestinal inflammation. Gastroenterology, 134(1):166-178.\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-pl80se\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-dxoa8s\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18213447\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBrzoska T . et al. (2008). α-MSH related peptides: a new class of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating drugs. Inflammation Research, 57(1):14-22.\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-pl80se\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"framer-text framer-styles-preset-dxoa8s\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12730354\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGetting S.J. et al. (2003). The melanocortin peptide HP228 displays protective effects in acute models of inflammation and organ damage. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 306(2):631-637.\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Peptiders","offers":[{"title":"10mg \/ Single Vial","offer_id":44973196247126,"sku":null,"price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mg \/ Pack of 10","offer_id":44973196279894,"sku":null,"price":529.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/8787\/7206\/files\/KPV.avif?v=1781646532","url":"https:\/\/peptidersresearch.com\/products\/kpv","provider":"Peptiders Researcher","version":"1.0","type":"link"}